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    If synderesis and free choice are rooted in the same voli... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Synderesis stands in opposition to free choice, sensuality, the impulse to sin, and proheresis.

    If synderesis and free choice are rooted in the same volitional power, their relationship is one of hierarchical ordering, not opposition in the Aristotelian sense of contrariety or privation.

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    Key Terms

    Aristotelian
    "Aristotelian" refers to ideas and methods based on the teachings of Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher who lived over 2,000 years ago. He emphasized observing the real world, using common sense reasoning, and organizing knowledge into logical categories—rather than relying solely on abstract ideas. His approach heavily influenced Western thought, science, and education for centuries, making him one of the most important thinkers in history.
    Hierarchical ordering(as used in metaphysics and logic)
    An arrangement where one thing is ranked above another in importance or function, like how a general outranks a soldier in an army structure.
    Opposition in the Aristotelian sense(as used in Aristotelian philosophy and logic)
    In Aristotle's logic, things can oppose each other in specific ways—either as direct opposites (like hot and cold) or as absence versus presence (like sight and blindness).
    Privation(Fârâbî uses privation to link deficiency to potentiality: to be deprived of F entails the potentiality to be F.)

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    The absence or lack of a property or perfection that a being is of the kind to possess.
    Volitional power(as used in philosophy of mind and ethics)
    The mental ability to want things, make decisions, and act on your desires—essentially, your capacity for will and intention.
    contrariety(Distinguished from contradiction; a proposition may have multiple contraries but only one contradictory.)
    A logical relation between propositions with the crucial properties that (i) the contradictory of a proposition A is not a contrary of A, and (ii) contrariety unilaterally entails contradiction.
    free choice(Clarke's definition of libertarian free will as applied to divine agency)
    A choice that logically requires the agent to have the power to choose otherwise than they actually chose
    synderesis(Medieval moral psychology; distinguished from conscience and from the deliberative powers)
    An innate orientation towards goodness that cannot be completely eradicated ontologically; in its proper functioning it 'murmurs' against evil and 'goads' the agent towards the good.

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    Virtue Ethics1 linkedMoral Responsibility1 linked

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