- Antecedent(referring to causal conditions that would exist before Plato's decision)
- Something that comes before something else in time; in this case, an earlier event or cause.
- Consequent(as used in logic)
- The 'then' part of an if-then statement—the result that follows from the condition.
- actual co-obtaining states(in metaphysics)
- Real situations where multiple things are happening at the same time—'actual' means really existing, and 'co-obtaining' means existing together.
- conditional(no-truth-value account of conditionals)
- A statement of the form 'if A, B' that involves the supposition that A and tells us nothing about what happens if A is false
- contradict / contradiction(in logic)
- When two statements cannot both be true at the same time—like saying 'it's raining' and 'it's not raining' simultaneously.
- counterfactual(Modal logic and epistemology)
- A conditional statement concerning what would be the case if some antecedent condition were true, evaluated across possible worlds; contraposition does not hold in general for counterfactuals.
- negation(Standard truth conditions for logical negation, used as the basis for arguments against dialetheism)
- ¬A is true if and only if A is not true
- possible worlds(Leibniz's modal semantics, anticipating contemporary possible-worlds semantics)
- Worlds that have existence in a tenuous sense; fictional worlds used to characterize the nature of possibles that are never actualized
- truth value / indexed to(in logic)
- Whether a statement is true or false, and 'indexed to' means we're measuring that truth against a specific reference point (like actual situations rather than imaginary ones).