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    If the First's causal power is constitutively relational—... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The First must be able to produce at least one first effect without an instrument or material substrate

    If the First's causal power is constitutively relational—defined only through its effects on pre-existing eternal matter, as in Aristotelian hylomorphism—then instrument-free production is metaphysically impossible without undermining the First's own nature.

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    Key Terms

    Aristotelian hylomorphism(as used in metaphysics and philosophy of form)
    Aristotle's theory that everything is made of two parts: matter (the physical stuff) and form (the shape or structure that makes it what it is).
    Aristotle
    Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived over 2,000 years ago and is one of the most influential thinkers in Western history. He studied nearly every subject—from animals and plants to politics and ethics—and developed practical ways of thinking that shaped how people understand the world. His ideas on logic, nature, and how to live a good life are still taught and debated today because he focused on observing the real world rather than just abstract theories.
    Causal power(as used in metaphysics)
    The ability of something to make other things happen or change; the capacity to be a cause.
    First(Fârâbî's metaphysics)
    That which is ontologically primary, having no cause, no privation, no potentiality, and no internal composition; the ultimate source from which all other things derive their being

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    Instrument-free production(as used in metaphysics and theology)
    Creating something without using any tools or intermediate things; making something entirely from scratch with nothing in between.
    Metaphysically impossible(as used in metaphysics)
    Something that cannot exist or happen in the deepest reality, no matter what—not just practically impossible but impossible by the very nature of how reality works.
    Pre-existing eternal matter(as used in ancient philosophy)
    Stuff that has always existed forever and was never created—the basic material that existed before anything else.
    constitutively relational(taxonomy of relational autonomy theories)
    A theory of autonomy in which interpersonal or external conditions are included in the very definition of autonomy as necessary conditions

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    Natural Theology1 linkedDivine Attributes1 linked

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    The First must be able to produce at least one first effect without an instrumen...

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