- Circumstances (in philosophy)(in semantics and modal logic)
- The objective features of the world at a given time and place—like whether it's raining, what objects exist, and what properties they have.
- Context (in philosophy of language)(in semantics)
- The specific details of a situation in which words are spoken—like who's speaking, when, where, and what they're pointing at—that affect what those words actually mean.
- Index (or indexical)(in semantics and formal philosophy)
- In philosophy, a way of keeping track of different factors (like time, place, or perspective) that can change how we evaluate whether something is true.
- Occam's Razor(Philosophy of science)
- A principle favoring more ontologically parsimonious theories over less parsimonious ones.
- Occasion-specific(in philosophy of language)
- Depending on the particular time, place, and circumstances of a specific moment or event.
- Theoretical posit(in philosophy of science and metaphysics)
- An assumption or thing you propose to exist in your theory in order to explain something, even though you can't directly observe it.
- Truth-conditional content(in semantics and philosophy of language)
- The meaning of a sentence defined by the specific conditions under which that sentence would be true or false.