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    If ultimate desires reliably track fitness-enhancing beha... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Psychological altruism does not entail biological altruism.

    If ultimate desires reliably track fitness-enhancing behaviors across generations, the distinction between their psychological and biological classifications collapses into a difference of descriptive vocabulary, not ontology.

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    Key Terms

    Ontology(Carnap argues this enterprise is based on a mistake)
    The philosophical discipline that tries to answer hard questions about what there really is.
    biological classification(as used in philosophy of biology)
    Describing something by its physical, organic properties and how living systems work.
    descriptive vocabulary(as used in language and metaphysics)
    The words and language we use to talk about something, as opposed to what the thing fundamentally is.
    fitness-enhancing behaviors(as used in evolutionary biology and philosophy)
    Actions that help an organism survive and reproduce (from biology's use of 'fitness,' which means reproductive success, not physical exercise).
    psychological classification

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    (as used in philosophy of mind)
    Describing something by how the mind experiences it or what mental processes are involved.
    reliably track(as used in philosophy and logic)
    Consistently and dependably follow or match something else over time—like how a shadow reliably tracks a person's movements.
    ultimate desires(as used in philosophy of mind and motivation)
    The deepest wants or goals that a person or animal has—the ones they pursue for their own sake, not as a means to something else.

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    2 topics

    Virtue Ethics1 linkedMoral Responsibility1 linked

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    Psychological altruism does not entail biological altruism.

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