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    Immanent universals must be wholly present at multiple di... — Carmelics
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    Supports→Tropes and immanent universals are metaphysically untenable

    Immanent universals must be wholly present at multiple distinct locations simultaneously, violating the Lewisian principle that particulars are never wholly present in multiple places.

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    Key Terms

    David Lewis(the philosopher who created this theory)
    An influential American philosopher (1941-2001) who developed Counterpart Theory as a way to understand how we talk about objects in different possible worlds.
    Immanent universals(Contrasted with transcendent or Platonic universals; targeted by the No Interpenetration argument)
    Universals that are wholly present at each of their instances and thus spatiotemporally located
    Lewisian principle(metaphysics of location)
    A rule proposed by philosopher David Lewis stating that concrete objects can only be fully present in one location at a time, not multiple places simultaneously.
    particulars(Buddhist epistemology (pramāṇa theory))
    The actual objects of the world that are directly accessible only through perception and are ineffable — they cannot be captured or referred to by words

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    universals(Debated in Lefèvre's Disceptatio de universali between two students of Chrysippus's academy)
    Either what particular classes of things share, or what those who reason say they share (decided by convention)
    wholly present(Described as the implicit rationale behind ordinary concepts of objects, contrasted with the perdurantist view that objects have temporal parts.)
    An object is wholly present at a time if the entire object, not merely a temporal stage or part of it, exists at that time.

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    Tropes and immanent universals are metaphysically untenable

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