Imposing nonconsensual risk constitutes a wrongful relation between agent and victim even in possible worlds where no harm materializes, as Claire Finkelstein's work on risk and consent demonstrates.
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A situation where one person treats another in a way that violates their rights or dignity, creating an unfair or harmful connection between them.
agent(Economics terminology applied to medical ethics)
The party in a principal-agent relationship who is instructed to produce the good or service on the principal's behalf — in the medical context, the doctor
possible worlds(Leibniz's modal semantics, anticipating contemporary possible-worlds semantics)
Worlds that have existence in a tenuous sense; fictional worlds used to characterize the nature of possibles that are never actualized
risk(The author is characterizing and then challenging the standard decision-theoretic conception of risk.)
In the probabilistic framework under critique, risks are treated as probabilistic mixtures of outcomes.