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It is not the case that In a later case, the court must decide whether the factual difference provides a better justification against the earlier decision than the facts of that case on their own.
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Courts lack a neutral Archimedean standpoint from which to assess whether factual differences constitute 'better' justifications across cases.
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2.
Ronald Dworkin's 'gravitational force' doctrine holds that precedents bind through principle, not factual analogy, making factual comparison secondary to normative coherence.
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3.
Requiring factual differences to outweigh original case facts conflates empirical comparison with the normative judgment that distinguishing actually demands.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Frederick Schauer argues that precedent functions as a rule-based constraint precisely to insulate later decisions from case-by-case justificatory balancing.
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2.
If later courts must weigh factual differences against the original justification, the binding force of precedent collapses into unconstrained judicial discretion.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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A case may be distinguished only if that distinction does not imply that the precedent was wrongly decided.
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