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Inverse View
It is not the case that Individuals in the state of nature will engage in preemptive attacks on one another.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Locke argues the state of nature is governed by natural law, which obliges individuals not to harm others without just cause.
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2.
Rational agents capable of recognizing preemptive attack as rational are equally capable of recognizing binding moral constraints on violence.
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3.
Hobbes's inference from fear to preemptive attack conflates a possible rational strategy with a necessary behavioral outcome.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Axelrod's iterated prisoner's dilemma research demonstrates that cooperative strategies outperform preemptive aggression across repeated interactions.
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2.
Individuals in the state of nature face repeated interactions with neighbors, making long-term cooperation instrumentally superior to preemptive attack.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Individuals are suspicious of one another.
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2.
Individuals are driven by fear of others.
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3.
Preemptive invasion of others ensures one's own safety.
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