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    Inference to the best explanation licenses theory choice ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Theory choice is underdetermined by empirical evidence.

    Inference to the best explanation licenses theory choice on grounds of simplicity, coherence, and consilience that are themselves empirically calibrated virtues, not arbitrary preferences.

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    Key Terms

    Empirically calibrated(describing virtues in scientific reasoning)
    Adjusted or tested against real-world observations and data, rather than being purely theoretical or made-up.
    Simplicity(Doctrine of the simple reality)
    An attribute of perfection that denies any contingent facet to God
    Theory choice(as used in philosophy of science)
    The process of deciding which scientific explanation or framework to accept as the best one.
    coherence(Applied uniformly by Bosanquet to both religious and non-religious truth claims.)
    The standard by which truth is assessed — a belief or system of beliefs is true insofar as it forms a consistent, internally unified whole.
    consilience(Used to describe Newman's (and Swinburne's) cumulative-case approach to natural theology)

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    The convergence of multiple independent lines of probable reasoning such that their combined weight yields a probability approaching certainty
    inference to the best explanation(Used to characterize the structure of the argument for moral non-objectivism)
    A form of reasoning in which the hypothesis that best explains the observed phenomena is inferred to be true
    virtues(Core concept of virtue ethics)
    Excellent traits of character, such as kindness, honesty, sincerity, and justice, that virtue ethics uses to assess the ethical quality of actions and agents

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedSkepticism1 linked

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    Theory choice is underdetermined by empirical evidence.

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