Invoking the nature of the patient to explain perception risks circular reasoning: animals perceive because they have perceptual natures, which are defined by their capacity to perceive.

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Circular reasoning(the trap that occurs when trying to define counterfactuals): A logical mistake where you use the very thing you're trying to prove as part of your argument, like saying 'I'm trustworthy because I said I am'—this goes in circles and doesn't actually explain anything.
Nature (in philosophy)(metaphysics and essence): The essential characteristics or defining features that make something what it is—for example, having reason is part of human nature.
Perceptual nature(describing what the argument claims explains why animals can perceive): The idea that an animal has built-in, natural abilities to sense and understand the world around it.
capacity(Theory of capacity): A subject's ability to make decisions, assessed by paradigm examples and the presence of necessary (and possibly sufficient) abilities.

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