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    Islamic and Jewish philosophical theology, from Maimonide... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→It is impossible for God to be a single Person; the concept of a unipersonal God is incoherent.

    Islamic and Jewish philosophical theology, from Maimonides through Al-Ghazali, consistently demonstrates that strict divine unity is coherent and even rationally preferable to plurality of persons.

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    Key Terms

    Al-Ghazali(as a historical philosopher in the debate)
    An 11th-century Islamic philosopher and theologian who argued that God creates the universe at every moment and that nothing exists independently of God's will.
    Maimonides
    Maimonides was a Jewish philosopher, doctor, and religious scholar who lived in Spain and Egypt during the 12th century and became one of the most influential thinkers in Jewish history. He is famous for writing a comprehensive guide to Jewish law and for trying to prove that Jewish religious beliefs could be understood through logic and reason, bridging faith and philosophy. His ideas shaped how Jewish communities understood and practiced their religion for centuries afterward.
    Philosophical theology(as a different approach to religion than genuine faith)
    Using logic and rational argument to think about God and religious questions—treating faith as something you can prove and defend with reasoning alone.
    Plurality of persons(as the opposing view to divine unity)

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    The idea that God consists of multiple distinct persons or identities (like the Christian Trinity concept of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit).
    Rationally preferable(describing which theological view is better supported by reason)
    More reasonable or sensible according to logic and evidence, compared to other options.
    coherent(de Finetti's usage in the context of the Dutch Book argument for probabilism)
    A subject is coherent if their unconditional degrees of belief do not permit a Dutch Book (a guaranteed loss through a combination of bets) to be made against them
    divine unity(as used in theology and metaphysics)
    The idea that God is completely one, indivisible whole—not made up of separate parts or qualities the way physical things are.

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    It is impossible for God to be a single Person; the concept of a unipersonal God...

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