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    Kant's premise that we can only know a priori what we our... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→We cannot regard the forms we represent objects as having (spatiality, temporality, causality, etc.) as the real forms of objects independent of ourselves.

    Kant's premise that we can only know a priori what we ourselves impose assumes a false exhaustion: reliable cognitive faculties shaped by evolution or rational necessity could yield a priori insight into mind-independent structure.

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    Key Terms

    Evolution(referring to how life on Earth developed and diversified)
    The gradual process by which living things change and develop over time, often through random changes and survival of the fittest.
    Kant(as used in epistemology and metaphysics)
    Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was an influential German philosopher who argued that our minds shape how we experience reality, and that we can only truly know things as they appear to us, not as they are in themselves.
    Premise
    A premise is a statement or fact that you assume to be true as a starting point for reasoning or making an argument. Think of it as the foundation or building block you use to reach a conclusion—for example, "All dogs are animals" and "My pet is a dog" are premises that lead to the conclusion "My pet is an animal." Premises are essentially the evidence or claims you offer before drawing a final conclusion.
    a priori(Frege treats 'analytic' as entailing 'a priori' for arithmetic.)
    Knowable independently of empirical experience; here treated as a consequence of analyticity.

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    cognitive faculties(referring to our ability to understand religious claims)
    Our mental abilities to think, reason, perceive, and understand—basically, the mental tools our brains use to figure out what's true.
    exhaustion (false exhaustion)(describing what Kant supposedly got wrong)
    The mistake of assuming you've covered all possible options when you actually haven't; in this case, assuming there are only two ways to know things when there might be others.
    mind-independent structure(describing objective reality)
    Facts about the world that exist and have patterns whether or not anyone is thinking about them—the way things actually are.
    rational necessity(as an alternative source of knowledge alongside evolution)
    Something that must be true based on logical rules and reasoning, rather than by chance or choice.

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPerception1 linked

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    We cannot regard the forms we represent objects as having (spatiality, temporali...

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