Kant's retributivism holds that failing to punish the guilty wrongs them by denying respect for their rational agency, making the positive reason to punish a matter of dignity, not mere consequence.

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Kant(as used in epistemology and metaphysics): Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was an influential German philosopher who argued that our minds shape how we experience reality, and that we can only truly know things as they appear to us, not as they are in themselves.
Retributivism(as used in ethics and justice philosophy): A theory of punishment that says people deserve to be punished in proportion to the harm they caused—the worse the crime, the harsher the punishment should be.
consequence(Buridan's medieval logic): A logical relation with necessary truth-preservation (TP) as its fundamental component
dignity(Schiller's aesthetic framework contrasting dignity with grace): The sensible expression of successfully willing to act in accordance with moral principles even at the cost of the suppression of conflicting desires and feelings, manifest in different aspects of appearance than grace.

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