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    Knowledge, friendship, and achievement retain their value... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Happiness is the only ultimately desirable thing

    Knowledge, friendship, and achievement retain their value even in scenarios where they produce no net increase in subjective happiness, as Nozick's experience machine demonstrates.

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    Key Terms

    Experience machine(as Nozick's main philosophical tool)
    A famous imaginary device that would let you experience anything you wanted (like winning an award or falling in love) while floating in a tank, even though nothing real would actually be happening to you.
    Net increase(as describing whether happiness would grow or stay the same)
    The final amount left after adding gains and subtracting losses; in this case, whether your overall happiness goes up or down on balance.
    Nozick
    Robert Nozick was an American philosopher best known for developing a theory of individual rights and limited government based on the idea that people own themselves and the fruits of their labor. He argued that most government actions, including taxation for welfare programs, violate people's fundamental rights unless everyone freely consents to them. His work became highly influential in libertarian political philosophy, offering a compelling alternative to both socialism and traditional conservative views about the proper role of government.
    Subjective happiness(as contrasted with the value of knowledge, friendship, and achievement)

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    The personal, inner feeling of contentment or pleasure that someone experiences—how happy you actually *feel* from your own perspective.
    intrinsic value(Callicott (1980) in contrast to individualistic environmental ethics)
    Value possessed in and of itself, not derived from contribution to something else; in Callicott's holism, attributed exclusively to the biotic community as a whole rather than to individual organisms
    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

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    Consequentialism1 linked

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    Happiness is the only ultimately desirable thing

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