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    Kripke's distinction between epistemic and metaphysical p... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→If P = NP, then finding a satisfying valuation for a propositional formula is no harder than constructing its truth table, and factoring a natural number would be no more difficult than verifying a given factorization.

    Kripke's distinction between epistemic and metaphysical possibility implies that P = NP being mathematically true does not collapse the epistemic gap between search and verification.

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    Key Terms

    Collapse (in philosophical context)(the statement says the truth of P = NP doesn't eliminate the epistemic gap)
    To eliminate a distinction or difference between two things. 'Collapse the gap' means to show that the difference doesn't really exist or doesn't matter.
    Epistemic
    "Epistemic" relates to knowledge—how we know things, what counts as knowledge, and whether we can trust what we believe to be true. It comes from the Greek word for knowledge and is used to describe questions about the reliability and validity of our beliefs and understanding. For example, "epistemic humility" means acknowledging the limits of what you can actually know for certain.
    Epistemic gap(The statement argues that the lack of a polynomial-time simulation is a gap in what we know, not proof that non-determinism is actually more powerful)
    A gap in our knowledge or understanding—something we don't know or can't figure out yet, rather than something that's impossible.
    Kripke
    Kripke refers to Saul Kripke, an influential American philosopher and logician known for revolutionizing how we think about names, meaning, and possibility. He argued that names like "Albert Einstein" refer directly to the actual person rather than through descriptions of their properties, which changed philosophy fundamentally. His work also introduced "possible worlds" as a way to understand concepts like necessity and possibility, making him one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century.

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    P = NP(computational complexity theory)
    The hypothesis that for all problems in NP, the difficulty of deciding membership and verifying membership coincide up to a polynomial factor
    Search and verification(in computer science and the P vs NP problem)
    Search means trying to find a solution to a problem; verification means checking whether a proposed solution is correct. The gap refers to how much harder it might be to find answers compared to checking them.
    metaphysical possibility(Distinguished from mathematical possibility to argue that some mathematically consistent results are ruled out by the nature of concrete reality)
    What is possible in the concrete world, which is a more restrictive domain than mathematical possibility

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedModality & Possibility1 linked

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