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    Leibniz's own dynamics required attributing living force ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Motion, under strict relationism, exists only as a relative difference among bodies rather than as an individual, determinate property of each body.

    Leibniz's own dynamics required attributing living force (vis viva) intrinsically to individual bodies, not merely to body-pairs in relation.

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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Leibniz's monads are metaphysically independent substances, so each must possess its own intrinsic force rather than deriving force from relations.
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    • 2.Motion requires an active principle; attributing vis viva only to relations leaves individual bodies passive, contradicting physical causation.
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    • 3.Leibniz explicitly rejected Cartesian mechanics; intrinsic force in bodies explains why extension alone cannot account for dynamic phenomena.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Vis viva mathematically depends on relative velocity (mv²), making it fundamentally relational despite Leibniz's metaphysical commitments.
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    • 2.Attributing intrinsic force to bodies risks conflating metaphysical substance with physical properties, blurring distinct ontological categories.
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    • 3.Conservation laws work equally well without intrinsic forces; Leibniz may have imported metaphysical requirements unnecessary for actual dynamics.
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    Related

    Attributing intrinsic force to bodies risks conflating metaphysical substance wi...Conservation laws work equally well without intrinsic forces; Leibniz may have i...Leibniz explicitly rejected Cartesian mechanics; intrinsic force in bodies expla...Leibniz's monads are metaphysically independent substances, so each must possess...
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    Motion requires an active principle; attributing vis viva only to relations leav...Motion, under strict relationism, exists only as a relative difference among bod...Vis viva mathematically depends on relative velocity (mv²), making it fundamenta...

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