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It is not the case that Linguistic signs derive meaning from differential relations within a system, not from phonetic properties like alphabetic priority (Saussure).
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Reasons For
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1.
Phonetic properties causally ground meaning: infants learn 'mama' not from system relations but from acoustic association with presence. Phonetics enable acquisition.
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2.
Differential relations alone can't explain reference. Two languages with identical contrastive structures ('p/b' distinction) still reference the same external world objects differently.
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3.
Neuroscience shows phonological processing precedes semantic access. Brain regions for sound-form activate before differential contrasts generate meaning.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Words like 'cat' and 'dog' derive meaning from their phonetic contrast, not individual sounds. Swap letters and meaning changes entirely.
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2.
Translation proves meaning isn't tied to sound: 'dog' and 'chien' mean identically despite wholly different phonetics and alphabetic forms.
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3.
Alphabetic priority varies by writing system (Latin, Cyrillic, Arabic). If meaning depended on letters, same word would mean differently per alphabet.
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