Mach's relational critique holds that inertial effects are fully explicable by reference to the distribution and motion of actual matter, without positing a substantival inertial structure.
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relational critique(Mach's approach to space and motion)
A philosophical argument that rejects the idea of absolute or independent things, claiming instead that everything only exists in relation to other things.
substantival(Geach's terminology in Reference and Generality)
Geach's term for the kind of sortal-like expression under which relative identity is assessed; overlaps with but is not identical to the standard notion of 'sortal', as it includes mass terms like 'gold'