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    Mach's relational critique holds that inertial effects ar... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The inertial structure of the world must be acknowledged as a real physical thing.

    Mach's relational critique holds that inertial effects are fully explicable by reference to the distribution and motion of actual matter, without positing a substantival inertial structure.

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    Key Terms

    Mach (Ernst Mach)(as the originator of Mach's mechanics)
    An Austrian physicist and philosopher (1838-1916) who argued that scientific ideas should only be based on what we can directly observe and measure, not on invisible forces or assumptions.
    explicable(as used in describing what a theory can or cannot explain)
    Able to be explained or accounted for by a theory or reason.
    inertial effects(Newton's bucket experiment; used as evidence of mechanically significant motion)
    Observable mechanical effects due to rotation, such as the tendency of water to recede from the axis of rotation, producing a concave surface
    inertial structure(Used alongside causal structure as a sufficient basis for determining metrical structure.)
    The structure of the world defined by the behavior of mass points moving solely under inertia (free from external forces).

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    relational critique(Mach's approach to space and motion)
    A philosophical argument that rejects the idea of absolute or independent things, claiming instead that everything only exists in relation to other things.
    substantival(Geach's terminology in Reference and Generality)
    Geach's term for the kind of sortal-like expression under which relative identity is assessed; overlaps with but is not identical to the standard notion of 'sortal', as it includes mass terms like 'gold'

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    Causation1 linkedModality & Possibility1 linked

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    The inertial structure of the world must be acknowledged as a real physical thin...

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