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Inverse View
It is not the case that Mencius's own text shows Xuan substituted the ox for a sheep, suggesting avoidance of discomfort rather than extension of care.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Discomfort avoidance and care extension are not mutually exclusive: avoiding emotional pain at witnessing suffering can motivate compassionate action.
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2.
Xuan's substitution itself constitutes an extension of care—he spared the ox's life based on empathetic response, the core of Mencian virtue.
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3.
Mencius explicitly uses this case to argue for innate moral capacity; misreading it as hypocrisy contradicts his entire pedagogical point about human nature.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
King Xuan's substitution of ox for sheep demonstrates deliberate choice, suggesting conscious avoidance of witnessing the ox's suffering.
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2.
If Xuan's motivation were genuine compassion extension, he would not have needed to avoid the sight—the care would feel natural, not burdensome.
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3.
Mencius's praise focuses on Xuan's capacity for compassion itself, not on consistent moral behavior, implying potential rather than actualized virtue.
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