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    Merely having a probability relation between noninferenti... — Carmelics
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    Home/Skepticism
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    Merely having a probability relation between noninferential evidence and an inferred proposition is not sufficient for inferential justification; one must also be aware of that probabilistic connection.

    SkepticismTruth & Knowledge
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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Classical foundationalists held that inferential justification requires more than the mere obtaining of a probability relation between premises and conclusion.
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    • 2.Awareness of or access to the probabilistic connection between premises and conclusion is required for inferential justification.
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    Reasons Against

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    Reason against 1 of 2
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    • 1.Reliabilist accounts (Goldman 1979) hold that justification is constituted by reliable belief-forming processes, not by the subject's awareness of those processes.
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    • 2.A belief formed via a reliable probabilistic mechanism is justified even if the agent cannot articulate or access the probabilistic connection involved.
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    • 3.Requiring awareness of probabilistic connections conflates the conditions for justification with the conditions for knowing that one is justified.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
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    • 1.Children and animals demonstrably form justified inductive beliefs without possessing concepts of probability or inferential relations.
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    • 2.If awareness of probabilistic connections were necessary for inferential justification, such cognitively limited believers would lack justified beliefs, which is a deeply counterintuitive result that undermines the claim's generality.
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    Topics

    SkepticismTruth & Knowledge

    Key Terms

    Awareness (in epistemology)(epistemology)
    Actually knowing about or consciously noticing something, not just having it exist without you realizing it.
    Noninferential evidence(epistemology)
    Information or facts that you know directly, without having to reason your way to them—like seeing a red apple in front of you, rather than concluding it's red based on other clues.
    Probabilistic connection(logic and epistemology)
    A link between two things where one supports or makes the other more believable, but doesn't guarantee it's true.
    Probability relation(logic and epistemology)
    A connection between two things where one makes the other more or less likely to be true, rather than proving it with 100% certainty.
    Sufficient
    # Sufficient Something is sufficient when it is enough to achieve a goal or make something true. For example, having a valid driver's license is sufficient to legally drive a car—you don't need anything else. In everyday language, we use "sufficient" to mean "adequate" or "meeting the minimum requirement needed."
    inferential justification(Contrasted with non-inferential (foundational) justification)
    Justification for a belief that is derived by inference from one or more other believed propositions

    Related

    A belief formed via a reliable probabilistic mechanism is justified even if the ...Awareness of or access to the probabilistic connection between premises and conc...Children and animals demonstrably form justified inductive beliefs without posse...Classical foundationalists held that inferential justification requires more tha...
    +3 moreShow less
    If awareness of probabilistic connections were necessary for inferential justifi...Reliabilist accounts (Goldman 1979) hold that justification is constituted by re...

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: knowledge-acquaindescrip
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    Most classical foundationalists at least implicitly rejected the idea that the mere obtaining of a probability relation between one’s noninferential evidence that P and the proposition Q one infers from that evidence is sufficient to acquire inferential justification or inferential knowledge. Rather, they insisted, one must be aware of or have access to the probabilistic connection that obtains between one’s premises and one’s conclusion. Direct acquaintance with facts was proposed to end a pote
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Requiring awareness of probabilistic connections conflates the conditions for ju...

    Similar

    Awareness of or access to the probabilistic connection between premise...88%If one infers the existence of a probabilistic connection from some pr...86%One also needs justification for believing that F makes probable that ...85%Classical foundationalists held that inferential justification require...81%
    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit