Middle knowledge, as developed by Luis de Molina, holds that God knows counterfactuals of creaturely freedom—what any free agent would choose in any circumstance—prior to any creative act.
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(Core component of Molinism, as described in Marsh's reply to Maitzen)
God's knowledge of what free creatures would freely do in counterfactual situations
Prior to(as used in philosophy)
More fundamental or basic than; comes before in importance or logical order, not necessarily in time.
counterfactuals(as used in logic and philosophy of free will (related to 'subjunctives of freedom'))
Statements about what *would* happen in situations that aren't actually happening—'if I had studied harder, I would have passed the test' is a counterfactual about a situation that didn't occur.
knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.