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Inverse View
It is not the case that Mill's own proof treats utility as the sole object of desire prior to any interpersonal accounting, showing utility is defined independently of impartiality.
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Reasons For
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1.
Mill's proof doesn't distinguish between psychological desires and normative principles; personal utility being desired doesn't prove it's the sole object of moral desire.
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2.
Mill explicitly states impartiality emerges from education and social sentiment, suggesting utility's meaning transforms through moral development, not independence.
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3.
Mill's utilitarian principle demands equal consideration of interests; if utility's definition excluded this, his ethics would be internally incoherent.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Mill's proof in Chapter 4 establishes that happiness is desired for itself, prior to introducing the greatest happiness principle for society.
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2.
Individual utility and impartial utility are conceptually distinct; personal desire for happiness doesn't logically entail equal concern for all.
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3.
Mill argues people desire their own happiness first, then extends this via habituation—suggesting impartiality is added, not foundational.
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