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    Moral constraints (e.g., don't kill innocents) derive the... — Carmelics
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    Supports→Threshold deontology (Scheffler, Moore) holds that constraints lose their binding force when consequences become sufficiently catastrophic.

    Moral constraints (e.g., don't kill innocents) derive their justification from protecting human welfare; catastrophic outcomes that dwarf ordinary harms override this justification.

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    Key Terms

    Catastrophic outcomes(ethics)
    Extremely bad situations or disasters with huge, widespread negative consequences.
    Consequentialism (implied by the statement's logic)(ethics)
    The ethical idea that whether an action is right or wrong depends on what results or consequences it produces.
    Human welfare(what Boyd argues morality is fundamentally based on)
    The overall well-being and flourishing of people—including things like health, happiness, freedom, and having their needs met.
    Override(as used in ethics)
    To set aside or ignore one thing in favor of something else that seems more important.
    justification(Third condition of the tripartite account of knowledge)

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    The condition on a knower's belief that excludes mere luck — the belief must be held in a way that is appropriate or warranted, not merely accidentally correct.
    moral constraints(ethics)
    Limits or rules set by morality that we cannot cross, even if breaking them would help us achieve our goals (like rules against killing innocent people).

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