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    No internal or causal constraint uniquely fixes which mod... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The sentence 'Barack Obama is a Democrat' is true and 'Barack Obama is a Republican' is false.

    No internal or causal constraint uniquely fixes which model is the intended one, so the claim that the sentence has a determinate truth-value presupposes a metaphysical realism that cannot be internally justified.

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    Key Terms

    causal constraint(Named 'the causal constraint' by Wright (1992: 71); central to Putnam's semantic externalism and his anti-skeptical argument.)
    The requirement that for an utterance of a word to represent or refer to a type of object, there must be some causal connection between uses of that word and the actual objects it purports to refer to.
    determinate truth-value(in logic and metaphysics)
    A statement that is definitely either true or definitely false, with no ambiguity or middle ground.
    intended(in philosophy of language)
    What someone actually meant or had in mind, as opposed to other possible meanings.
    internal constraint(in logic and philosophy of language)
    A rule or limit that comes from within a system itself, rather than from outside it—like how the rules of chess are contained within the game.

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    internally justified(in epistemology)
    Proven or validated using only resources or evidence from within a system itself, without relying on anything external to it.
    metaphysical realism(Feigl's characterization, Feigl 1956, p. 22)
    Attempts to systematically employ transcendent, i.e., in principle untestable, assertions.
    model(Possible worlds interpretation of S5 adapted for modal nonmonotonic logic)
    A pair <I, S> where I is a set of literals (a state description / possible world) and S is a set of complete, consistent sets of literals (interpretations) with I ∈ S

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    2 topics

    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    The sentence 'Barack Obama is a Democrat' is true and 'Barack Obama is a Republi...

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