Norman Daniels's extension of Rawls to health shows that what matters morally is the magnitude of competitive advantage conferred, not the biological or social mechanism producing it.

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Norman Daniels(mentioned as an authority on health justice): A contemporary philosopher who studies fairness in healthcare and how to distribute medical resources justly across different stages of someone's life.
Rawls(as the philosopher whose ideas are being referenced): John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher famous for developing theories about justice and fairness in society.
competitive advantage(Used to characterize the type of benefit the fairness objection attributes to genetic enhancements): An advantage that improves the recipient's ability to compete with others for positional goods such as careers and social status, where one person's gain comes at the relative expense of others
extension of Rawls to health(describing what Daniels did with Rawls's philosophy): Taking Rawls's general ideas about fairness in society and applying them specifically to questions about healthcare and health inequality.

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