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Inverse View
It is not the case that Obligations of justice are generated by special relationships of cooperation, coercion, and shared institutions, not mere co-existence as humans.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Basic human dignity generates obligations to prevent severe suffering regardless of institutional participation or cooperation.
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2.
Global supply chains and trade create de facto coercive relationships with distant strangers, triggering justice duties.
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3.
Reciprocity assumes fair background conditions; excluding distant poor from obligations perpetuates historical injustices.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Justice requires reciprocity: those bound by mutual rules and institutions have grounds for enforcing compliance that strangers lack.
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2.
Global justice obligations would be indeterminate and infinite without institutional boundaries limiting who owes what to whom.
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3.
Coercive institutions create special duties because members lose freedoms and accept constraints that non-members avoid.
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