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    On four-dimensionalist ontology, Oscar and Oscar− are dis... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Oscar and Oscar− are distinct logical objects at t'

    On four-dimensionalist ontology, Oscar and Oscar− are distinct temporal worms that share all their temporal parts prior to t', making them identical at t' as a matter of mereological convergence.

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    Key Terms

    Mereological convergence(as used in metaphysics)
    A fancy way of saying two things become identical because they're made up of exactly the same parts at that moment (mereology is just the study of parts and wholes).
    Ontology(Carnap argues this enterprise is based on a mistake)
    The philosophical discipline that tries to answer hard questions about what there really is.
    Oscar and Oscar−(as used in the example)
    These are placeholder names (like 'Person A' and 'Person B') used in a philosophical thought experiment to discuss two different entities.
    Temporal parts(Four-dimensionalist solution to the problem of change)
    Distinct stages of a temporally extended object, such that the puppy Oscar and the old gray-muzzled Oscar are distinct parts of the whole Oscar
    Temporal worms

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    (as used in metaphysics)
    In four-dimensionalism, this is what you are—a worm-like object that extends through time, with different 'slices' of you at different moments (also called a 'worldline').
    four-dimensionalism(metaphysics of identity and time)
    The philosophical view that objects (including people) are made up of temporal parts or stages, just like a physical object has spatial parts; you exist across time like a movie reel exists as many frames.

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    Modality & Possibility1 linkedPersonal Identity1 linked

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    Oscar and Oscar− are distinct logical objects at t'

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