On the desire-as-hunger model, motivation is a push from a prior state, but reasons-based accounts treat motivation as directed toward intelligible ends without requiring a felt lack.
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(describing how the desire-as-hunger model explains why we act)
The idea that something inside you (like hunger or discomfort) forces you forward into action, rather than pulling you toward a goal.
reasons-based accounts(an alternative explanation for what drives human behavior)
Theories of motivation that say people act because they understand good reasons or goals to pursue, not just because they feel an internal lack or discomfort.