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    Carmelics

    A reasoning platform. Break down any belief into clear reasons, explore both sides, and weigh the evidence honestly.

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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    Statements
    321,452
    Perspectives
    108,905
    Topics
    42
    Home/Original/inverse
    See Original
    Inverse View

    It is not the case that Only human beings proffer meaningful utterances

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    2 perspectives
    Reason for 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Wittgenstein's later work shows meaning arises from rule-governed participation in shared practices, not from an inner mental act accompanying an utterance.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.If sensus mentis is not the ground of meaning but public use is, then any creature capable of consistent, correctable symbolic behavior in a community can proffer meaningful utterances.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Vervet monkeys produce functionally distinct alarm calls with specific referents that other vervets act on differentially, satisfying a use-based criterion of meaning.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reason for 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Great apes trained in ASL or lexigram systems demonstrably use symbols to refer to absent objects and novel combinations, satisfying core semantic criteria.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.If intentional reference and compositional symbol use constitute meaningful utterance, then the criterion excludes non-humans arbitrarily rather than principally.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.Articulate vocal sound (uox articulata) uttered by humans is tied together (copulata) with a sensus mentis or intellectus in the mind of the speaker
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Only beings that have minds can produce significative utterances
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

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    Strongest counterpoint
    Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.