P.F. Strawson's account in 'Freedom and Resentment' establishes that blame is constituted by reactive attitudes like indignation, which are phenomenologically distinct from cold belief-desire states.

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Belief-desire states(as the cold, logical alternative to emotional reactions): The basic building blocks of reasoning: what someone believes to be true (belief) and what they want to happen (desire), which together explain why they act.
Freedom and Resentment(as a foundational work in philosophy): A famous 1962 essay arguing that our freedom matters because we naturally feel emotions like resentment when people hurt us—not because of abstract metaphysical debates.
Indignation(as an example of a reactive attitude): A feeling of anger or outrage when you witness something you think is deeply unfair or wrong, especially when it affects others.
P.F. Strawson(as the author of 'Freedom and Resentment'): A 20th-century British philosopher famous for analyzing how we actually think and talk about everyday things like freedom and blame, rather than abstract theories.

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