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Inverse View
It is not the case that P3 illegitimately conflates causal production of a *determinate outcome* with causal production of the *value itself* as a pre-existing element of reality.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
The distinction between producing outcomes versus producing values collapses under scrutiny—causing a determinate good outcome just is causing goodness.
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2.
Abstract values don't exist 'out there' pre-made; they depend on physical systems and causal processes to instantiate them in the world at all.
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3.
P3's distinction smuggles in Platonism without justification; rejecting it doesn't entail confusing outcome-production with anything illegitimate.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Values like justice or beauty appear to exist independently of any causal process that produces specific instances of them.
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2.
Confusing outcome-production with value-production treats abstract properties as if they were created events, a category mistake.
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3.
If causes produce values themselves, then before those causes existed, values wouldn't exist—making them seem ontologically dependent and contingent.
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