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It is not the case that Parallel computation using exponentially many processors relative to input size would be of little practical significance
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Physical realizability is not the sole criterion of theoretical significance; complexity classes defined by exponential parallelism illuminate fundamental structural boundaries in computation.
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2.
Valiant's work on NC and P-completeness demonstrates that the polynomial/exponential processor boundary has deep consequences for understanding which problems are inherently sequential, regardless of hardware constraints.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
The history of computing shows that resource bounds once deemed physically unrealizable have repeatedly become tractable as technology advances, as with quantum superposition exploiting exponential state spaces.
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2.
A claim of 'little practical significance' conflates present engineering limitations with permanent physical impossibility, a modal error that philosophers of science from Peirce onward have warned against in assessments of scientific possibility.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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If a parallel algorithm requires exponentially many processors relative to input size, there is little hope of building a computing device on which it could be concretely implemented
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