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    Philip's own Chancellor-era Summa de bono presupposes dis... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The practical intellect and the will are not separate powers, but one power with two separate acts

    Philip's own Chancellor-era Summa de bono presupposes distinct operative powers to explain why error in judgment does not entail defect in willing, requiring separate causal seats.

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    Key Terms

    Causal seats(explaining why errors in thinking don't automatically cause problems in choosing)
    The specific places or sources where something originates or is caused—like saying 'thought comes from the mind' and 'choice comes from the will' are two different sources.
    Chancellor-era(dating when Philip wrote his works)
    Referring to the time period when Philip held the position of Chancellor at the University of Paris, roughly the early 1200s.
    Defect in willing(describing problems in how we make decisions)
    A weakness or flaw in your ability to make good choices or want the right things.
    Error in judgment(describing mistakes in how we think)
    When you think or understand something incorrectly; getting the facts or reasoning wrong.
    Operative powers

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    (explaining why thinking and choosing are separate abilities)
    The different mental or spiritual abilities that actually *do* things—like the power to judge (think about something) versus the power to will (make choices).
    Philip(identifying the philosopher whose work is being discussed)
    Refers to Philip the Chancellor, a medieval theologian and philosopher who taught at the University of Paris in the early 13th century and wrote important works on ethics and theology.
    Summa de bono(the specific work by Philip being analyzed)
    A Latin title meaning 'Summary on the Good'—a comprehensive philosophical book that explores what 'goodness' is and how it relates to human actions.

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    Consciousness & Mind1 linkedDivine Attributes1 linked

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    The practical intellect and the will are not separate powers, but one power with...

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