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It is not the case that Philosophy should focus on identifying and reinforcing the causal mechanisms that generate and support the moral sentiments.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Moral sentiments vary systematically across cultures and history, as Mackie's error theory and Westermarck's relativism demonstrate.
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2.
Causal mechanisms that generate culturally variable sentiments cannot serve as universal moral foundations without smuggling in normative assumptions.
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3.
Philosophy's task is precisely to critically evaluate which sentiments track genuine moral truth, not to reinforce whichever sentiments causally predominate.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Kant argues that grounding morality in sentiment conflates empirical psychology with normative justification, committing the naturalistic fallacy.
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2.
The causal origin of a moral sentiment is logically independent of its normative authority, as Hume himself concedes in distinguishing 'is' from 'ought'.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
The real foundations of morality are the causal mechanisms that generate and support the moral sentiments.
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2.
Philosophy should focus on identifying and reinforcing the real foundations of morality rather than on approaches that undermine or distract from them.
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