Price's agency theory establishes that causal direction is indexed to the perspective of agents, meaning backward causation is coherent wherever an agent's earlier actions systematically influence later states.

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Agency theory(as Price's main contribution): A philosophical framework that explains how agents (things that act and make choices) relate to causation; it suggests that what counts as a cause depends on the perspective of whoever is acting.
Causal direction(as what logical sufficiency cannot determine on its own): The question of which event is the cause and which is the effect; distinguishing whether A causes B or B causes A.
Indexed to the perspective(as how causal direction works in the theory): Means something's meaning or truth depends on who is observing it or what viewpoint you're taking; it's not the same for everyone.
Price (Huw Price)(as the originator of agency theory): A contemporary philosopher who studies how time, causation, and perspective work together; he argues that the direction of cause-and-effect isn't absolute but depends on who's looking at it.

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