Quantum field theory's renormalization group demonstrates that particle masses run with energy scale, but this running is universal and history-independent, contradicting Weyl's path-dependence.

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History-independent(as a property of particle behavior): Something that doesn't depend on what happened before; the outcome is the same regardless of the path taken to get there.
Particle masses run with energy scale(as a phenomenon in particle physics): The effective weight or mass of a particle appears to change depending on how much energy you're using to observe or interact with it.
Path-dependence(as used in history, economics, and social theory): The idea that historical choices lock you into a particular direction, making it very hard to change course later—like how a railroad track, once laid down, constrains where trains can go.
Quantum field theory(as used in physics and philosophy of science): A modern physics framework that describes how tiny particles and forces work at the smallest scales, combining quantum mechanics (the weird rules of tiny things) with Einstein's relativity.

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