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    Quine's indeterminacy of the analytic/synthetic distincti... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→For an argument to be logically correct, the conclusion must logically follow from the premises (i.e., be a logical consequence of the premises), not merely follow materially

    Quine's indeterminacy of the analytic/synthetic distinction undermines any principled demarcation between logical and extra-logical vocabulary on which Bolzano's criterion depends.

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    Key Terms

    Bolzano
    Bolzano refers to Bernhard Bolzano (1781–1848), an Austrian mathematician and philosopher who made important discoveries about how functions behave and how infinity works in mathematics. Though his work wasn't widely recognized during his lifetime, he's now considered a pioneer who helped lay the groundwork for modern calculus and logic. His most famous contribution is the Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem, a fundamental principle in mathematics that helps us understand continuous functions and infinite sequences.
    Extra-logical vocabulary(The statement questions whether we can cleanly separate these from logical vocabulary)
    Ordinary words that describe things, properties, and concepts in the world, like 'cat,' 'red,' or 'happy'—as opposed to the structural words of logic.
    Logical vocabulary(as used in formal logic and computational systems)
    A set of symbols and words used to express ideas in a precise, rule-based way that a computer can understand and process.
    Quine(as a proper name referring to the philosopher whose theory is being discussed)

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    Willard Van Orman Quine was a 20th-century American philosopher who wrote about how we know things and how language works. In this statement, we're discussing one of his specific ideas about observation.
    analytic/synthetic distinction(Vienna Circle logical empiricism)
    A central component of the Vienna Circle's philosophical framework, distinguishing between statements true by virtue of meaning (analytic) and statements true by virtue of empirical fact (synthetic)
    criterion(as used in philosophy to describe a test for whether an idea works)
    A standard or rule used to decide whether something counts as true or valid.
    demarcation(describing the core issue shared by both conceptions)
    The problem of drawing a clear line between two things—in this case, figuring out where one concept ends and another begins.
    indeterminacy(Decision-making under uncertainty in political and legal contexts)
    Uncertainty or lack of definite knowledge afflicting one or more conditions of a decision procedure, making it impossible to fully specify choices and their outcomes

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    For an argument to be logically correct, the conclusion must logically follow fr...

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