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Inverse View
It is not the case that R.M. Hare argues that impartiality, not risk-aversion, is the defining feature of moral reasoning under ignorance of one's position.
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Reasons For
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1.
Under genuine uncertainty about one's position, rational agents naturally adopt risk-averse strategies; dismissing this conflates impartiality with irrationality.
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2.
Ignoring risk-aversion produces counterintuitive results: impartial reasoning might endorse highly unequal distributions if they benefit some greatly.
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3.
Rawls's veil of ignorance—inspired by similar reasoning—actually requires maximin thinking, suggesting risk-aversion is essential to fair moral design.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Moral reasoning requires treating all affected parties equally; ignorance of position eliminates self-serving bias, enabling true impartiality.
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2.
Risk-aversion reflects personal psychology, not moral principle; impartiality captures what's universalizable across rational agents.
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3.
Hare's universalizability criterion—that moral principles apply equally to all—logically grounds impartiality, not prudential risk calculations.
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