Ramsey's claim that 'Socrates is wise' and 'Wisdom is a characteristic of Socrates' are logically equivalent leaves underdetermined whether properties, tropes, or bare particulars constitute reality.
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logically equivalent(used to describe when different phrasings express the identical logical claim)
Two statements are logically equivalent when they mean exactly the same thing and must always have the same truth value (both true or both false).
properties(Contrasted with substances as ontologically dependent entities.)
Entities that depend for their existence on substances, being properties of individual objects.
tropes(Cited as examples of non-material entities whose interpenetration supersubstantivalism does not rule out)
Particular property instances that can be exactly located at regions without being identical to those regions
underdetermined(Used to contrast mathematical conjectures, whose correct answers are fixed by logical facts, with cases where no such determination exists.)
A decision or truth is underdetermined when logical facts alone do not fix a single correct answer.