Rawls and Scanlon argue that reflective equilibrium provides justificatory resources that make moral beliefs epistemically analogous to empirical beliefs, shifting the burden back onto the skeptic.
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(as the philosopher whose ideas are being referenced)
John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher famous for developing theories about justice and fairness in society.
Scanlon
# Scanlon
Tim Scanlon is an influential American philosopher known for developing a theory of ethics based on the idea that actions are right if they could be justified to others through principles everyone could reasonably accept. Rather than focusing on happiness or duty, his approach emphasizes what we can defend to each other as fair-minded people, making morality fundamentally about mutual respect and agreement. He's considered one of the most important moral philosophers of our time because his ideas have reshaped how philosophers think about fairness, responsibility, and what we owe to one another.
empirical beliefs(game-theoretic models of fairness)
Beliefs about how others will in fact behave, as opposed to beliefs about what they think ought to be done.
reflective equilibrium(Introduced by Goodman in the context of justifying induction)
A methodological state reached when considered judgments and the inference rules that best explain those judgments are mutually coherent, achieved by iteratively revising either judgments or rules when conflicts arise
skeptic(The side usually taken by Academics in epistemological debates)