Rawls's difference principle demands that institutional rules be justified to the worst-off individuals, not merely optimized in aggregate—wrongful convictions cannot be offset by statistical gains.

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Rawls(as the philosopher whose ideas are being referenced): John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher famous for developing theories about justice and fairness in society.
difference principle(Contrasted with FEO as regulating consumption activities rather than self-realization): The Rawlsian principle demanding maximization of the social primary goods holdings of the worst-off members of society.
institutional rules(as the things that need to be justified): The formal laws, policies, and systems that governments and organizations set up to govern how society works.
justified(Epistemological discussion of Socratic wisdom in The Apology): Having beliefs formed with adequate evidence or through reliable belief-forming processes, distinct from the ability to demonstrate one's justification to an interrogator.

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