Rawls's original position generates determinate principles because contractors can rank outcomes behind a veil of ignorance, but Scanlonian contractualism's person-relative standpoint forecloses this aggregative move.
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contractors(as used in contract-based ethical theory)
In philosophy, the imaginary people participating in a thought experiment about what agreement or contract they would make about how society should be organized.
determinate principles(as used in ethics and political philosophy)
Clear, specific rules or guidelines that can be pinned down and agreed upon, rather than vague or open-ended ideas.
original position(Rawls's device for deriving principles of justice through impartial rational choice.)
A hypothetical deliberative situation in which parties choose principles of justice without knowledge of their particular place in society.
person-relative standpoint(as used in contractualist ethics)
Looking at a moral question from the point of view of a specific individual, rather than trying to find one rule that works best for everyone overall.
veil of ignorance(Original position (Rawls) and hypothetical insurance scheme (Dworkin))
A hypothetical condition in which individuals choose principles of justice or insurance schemes without knowledge of their own position, traits, or circumstances in society.