Reid's 'brave officer' paradox demonstrates that memory-based identity generates transitivity failures: the general remembers the flogging but not the boyhood theft the officer remembered.

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Memory-based identity(as the theory Reid's paradox is designed to critique): The theory that you are the same person as someone in the past if you can remember being that person.
Reid, Thomas(the philosopher referenced by name in the statement): An 18th-century Scottish philosopher who argued that humans have basic, trustworthy instincts about how the world works that we don't need to prove logically.
Transitivity failures(as the logical problem Reid's paradox reveals in memory-based identity): Situations where a logical chain breaks down unexpectedly: A connects to B, and B connects to C, but A doesn't connect to C.
personal identity(Philosophy of personal identity): The relation of sameness holding between a person existing at one time and something existing at another time, analyzed here in terms of psychological continuity

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