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    Relevance theorists like Sperber and Wilson show that hea... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→A hearer must infer that a cooperative speaker means something different from what the speaker literally said

    Relevance theorists like Sperber and Wilson show that hearers enrich or adjust the literal content directly rather than inferring a wholly separate meaning, collapsing the literal/non-literal distinction the claim presupposes.

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    Key Terms

    Collapsing(as used in logical argumentation)
    In philosophy, this means showing that two things we thought were different are actually the same or equally valid.
    Enrich(as something hearers do to the literal content)
    To add extra meaning or detail to something; in this context, it means hearers fill in gaps in what was literally said to understand the full intended meaning.
    Literal content(Traditionalists hold this suffices for truth conditions; contextualists deny this)
    The content of a sentence type as determined by its syntax and conventional word meaning
    Literal/non-literal distinction(as the assumption being questioned in the statement)
    The traditional philosophical idea that there's a clear dividing line between what words literally mean and what they mean when used figuratively or indirectly.

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    Non-literal meaning(as contrasted with literal meaning)
    Meaning that goes beyond what the words literally say—like when someone says 'it's raining cats and dogs' and doesn't mean animals are falling from the sky.
    Relevance theorists(as the main subject of the statement)
    Philosophers who study how people understand communication by focusing on what information is most useful or important in a given situation, rather than just the bare words being used.
    Sperber and Wilson(in philosophy of language and communication)
    Two cognitive scientists who developed Relevance Theory, an influential explanation of how people actually understand communication based on what information seems most useful to them.

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    2 topics

    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    A hearer must infer that a cooperative speaker means something different from wh...

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