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    Ross's prima facie duties framework demonstrates that mor... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Whether an action is wrong depends on whether it is optimal to apply sanctions to that action

    Ross's prima facie duties framework demonstrates that moral wrongness tracks agent-relative obligations (fidelity, reparation, gratitude) whose bindingness is independent of any third-party sanctioning calculus.

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    Key Terms

    Agent-relative obligations(as used in ethics)
    Rules or duties that apply differently depending on who you are and your specific situation, rather than being the same for everyone in every circumstance.
    Bindingness(in ethics)
    The quality of being genuinely constraining or mandatory; whether something actually has the power to obligate us.
    Fidelity, reparation, gratitude(as examples of agent-relative duties in Ross's theory)
    Three types of personal duties: fidelity means being faithful to promises and relationships; reparation means making up for wrongs you've caused; gratitude means repaying people who've helped you.
    Moral wrongness(in ethics)
    The quality of an action being ethically bad or not what someone ought to do.
    Ross

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    (as referenced in ethics)
    W.D. Ross, a 20th-century philosopher who argued that we have multiple moral duties (like honesty and keeping promises) that sometimes conflict, and we must figure out which is strongest in each situation.
    Third-party sanctioning calculus(in ethical theory)
    A system where someone outside the situation (like a judge or authority) decides what's right based on calculating rewards and punishments—basically, doing something only because you'll be rewarded or punished for it.
    prima facie duties(W.D. Ross's moral framework)
    Obligations that hold unless overridden by other conflicting obligations in particular circumstances

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    Consequentialism1 linkedJustice & Punishment1 linked

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    Whether an action is wrong depends on whether it is optimal to apply sanctions t...

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