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Inverse View
It is not the case that Ross's claim that some virtuous motives are better than others is questionable with respect to duty-desire versus good-promotion-desire
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Following warranted public health measures out of a desire to do what one ought is not clearly better than following them out of a desire to promote general good
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2.
The two motivational structures are relevantly similar in form and value
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Reasons Against
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Reason against 1 of 2
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1.
Kant's Formula of Universal Law shows duty-based motivation uniquely tracks moral bindingness independent of contingent outcomes.
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2.
Good-promotion-desire is hostage to empirical uncertainty about what promotes welfare, making it structurally less reliable as a moral motive.
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3.
A motive grounded in obligation persists even when promoting general good conflicts with duty, revealing its superior moral robustness.
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Reason against 2 of 2
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1.
Ross himself distinguishes prima facie duties from actual duties, meaning duty-desire responds to moral structure that good-promotion-desire systematically ignores.
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2.
Bernard Williams's integrity objection shows consequentialist good-promotion can alienate agents from their own moral commitments, whereas duty-desire does not.
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