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It is not the case that Russell's account of a priori intuition can distinguish between a priori justifiable necessary propositions and empirically justifiable necessary propositions.
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Kripke's semantic externalism entails that understanding 'bachelor' already involves implicit deference to community linguistic practice, not pure conceptual grasp.
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2.
If a priori intuition about analytic truths depends on socially-embedded linguistic competence, the distinction between 'understanding alone' and 'understanding plus world' collapses.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Quine's epistemic holism holds that no proposition faces the tribunal of experience in isolation, so 'based solely on understanding' picks out no determinate epistemic category.
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2.
If Quinean holism is correct, Russell's criterion for distinguishing a priori from empirical justification lacks the principled boundary the claim requires.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
An intuition that 'All bachelors are unmarried males' is necessarily true can be based solely on understanding the proposition.
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2.
An intuition that 'Water is H2O' is necessarily true must be based partly on understanding how things are in the external world, not solely on understanding the proposition.
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3.
Russell's account classifies a proposition as a priori justifiable only if the intuition is based solely on understanding it.
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