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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    S knows that p if and only if p is true and S justifiably... — Carmelics
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    Home/Truth & Knowledge
    HistoryEditSee Inverse

    S knows that p if and only if p is true and S justifiably believes that p.

    Truth & Knowledge
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Knowledge requires truth.
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    • 2.Knowledge requires belief.
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    • 3.Knowledge requires justification.
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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Edmund Gettier demonstrated cases where true justified belief fails to constitute knowledge, refuting joint sufficiency.
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    • 2.In Gettier cases, the justification and truth are connected only by accident, not by the right epistemic relationship.
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    • 3.Any adequate analysis of knowledge must include a fourth condition ruling out such epistemic luck.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Reliabilist accounts (Goldman) show that justification is neither necessary nor sufficient—what matters is belief formed via reliable cognitive processes.
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    • 2.A belief can be justified by internally coherent but systematically misleading evidence, yielding no genuine knowledge.
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    • 3.Replacing 'justifiably believes' with 'reliably formed belief' better tracks our intuitive verdicts about knowledge across Gettier-style and demon-world cases.
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    Truth & Knowledge

    Related

    A belief can be justified by internally coherent but systematically misleading e...Any adequate analysis of knowledge must include a fourth condition ruling out su...Edmund Gettier demonstrated cases where true justified belief fails to constitut...In Gettier cases, the justification and truth are connected only by accident, no...
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    Knowledge requires belief.Knowledge requires justification.Knowledge requires truth.Reliabilist accounts (Goldman) show that justification is neither necessary nor ...Replacing 'justifiably believes' with 'reliably formed belief' better tracks our...Truth, belief, and justification are not merely individually necessary but also ...

    Similar

    One may know that p even if p is not true88%An assertion p is certain if and only if one holds the justified belie...85%If 'Actually p' is true, then it is necessary that 'Actually p' is tru...84%A person is utterly reliable with regard to whether p is the case.81%

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: epistemology
    View source passageHide passage
    Whenever a knower (S) knows some fact (p), several conditions must obtain. A proposition that S doesn’t even believe cannot be, or express, a fact that S knows. Therefore, knowledge requires belief.[14] False propositions cannot be, or express, facts, and so cannot be known. Therefore, knowledge requires truth. Finally, S’s being correct in believing that p might merely be a matter of luck. For example, if Hal believes he has a fatal illness, not because he was told so by his doctor, but solel
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit