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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
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    Sosa's virtue epistemology grounds safety in the exercise... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Safety is an externalist condition on knowledge in the state sense.

    Sosa's virtue epistemology grounds safety in the exercise of a cognitive faculty, which is an internal dispositional property of the knower.

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    Reasons For

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    • 1.Knowledge requires stable cognitive reliability that persists across counterfactual scenarios, not mere luck.
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    • 2.Internal dispositions explain why some agents reliably track truth while others fail, grounding epistemic merit.
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    • 3.Safety conditions on knowledge are best justified by appealing to the knower's own cognitive capacities.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Safety requires that false beliefs be impossible in nearby worlds, but cognitive faculties are fallible in all nearby worlds.
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    • 2.Environmental factors and luck can undermine knowledge even when faculties are exercised perfectly normally.
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    • 3.Grounding safety only in internal dispositions ignores how external world structure determines belief reliability.
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    Related

    Environmental factors and luck can undermine knowledge even when faculties are e...Grounding safety only in internal dispositions ignores how external world struct...Internal dispositions explain why some agents reliably track truth while others ...Knowledge requires stable cognitive reliability that persists across counterfact...
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    Safety conditions on knowledge are best justified by appealing to the knower's o...Safety is an externalist condition on knowledge in the state sense.Safety requires that false beliefs be impossible in nearby worlds, but cognitive...

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